Role of key amino acids in the transmembrane domain of the Newcastle disease virus fusion protein

Newcastle disease (ND), caused by the virus (NDV), is transmitted poultry with severe infectivity and a high fatality rate. The fusion (F) protein on NDV envelope facilitates merger of viral host cell membranes help homologous hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN). transmembrane (TM) domains proteins are typically required for fusion, but key amino acids in F TM have not been identified. Site-directed mutagenesis was utilized to change conserved at 500, 501, 502, 505, 510, 513, 516, 519, 520 alanine. It found that mutants L519 V520 had an interrupted expression, decreased below 10%, A500, I505, V513, V516 hypoactive impact activity, 85.38%, 67.05%, 55.38% 51.13% wt F, respectively. results indicated domain plays vital part activity protein.